Compare Vanuatu (2004) - Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2004)

Compare Vanuatu (2004) z Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2004)

	Vanuatu (2004)	Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2004)

Administrative divisions	6 provinces; Malampa, Penama, Sanma, Shefa, Tafea, Torba	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)
Age structure	0-14 years: 34.1% (male 35,281; female 33,785) 15-64 years: 62.4% (male 64,669; female 61,829) 65 years and over: 3.5% (male 3,740; female 3,305) (2004 est.)	0-14 years: NA 15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products	copra, coconuts, cocoa, coffee, taro, yams, coconuts, fruits, vegetables; fish, beef	fodder and vegetable crops; sheep, dairy products
Airports	30 (2003 est.)	5 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 3 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1524 to 2437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.)	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 27 914 to 1,523 m: 10 under 914 m: 17 (2004 est.)	total: 3 under 914 m: 3 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 12,200 sq km land: 12,200 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes more than 80 islands, about 65 of which are inhabited	total: 12,173 sq km land: 12,173 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the two main islands of East and West Falkland and about 200 small islands
Area - comparative	slightly larger than Connecticut	slightly smaller than Connecticut
Background	The British and French, who settled the New Hebrides in the 19th century, agreed in 1906 to an Anglo-French Condominium, which administered the islands until independence in 1980.	Although first sighted by an English navigator in 1592, the first landing (English) did not occur until almost a century later in 1690, and the first settlement (French) was not established until 1764. The colony was turned over to Spain two years later and the islands have since been the subject of a territorial dispute, first between Britain and Spain, then between Britain and Argentina. The UK asserted its claim to the islands by establishing a naval garrison there in 1833. Argentina invaded the islands on 2 April 1982. The British responded with an expeditionary force that landed seven weeks later and after fierce fighting forced Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982.
Birth rate	23.67 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)	NA births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget	revenues: $94.4 million expenditures: $99.8 million, including capital expenditures of $30.4 million (1996 est.)	revenues: $66.2 million expenditures: $67.9 million, including capital expenditures of $23.2 million (FY98/99 est.)
Capital	Port-Vila (Efate)	Stanley
Climate	tropical; moderated by southeast trade winds from May to October; moderate rainfall from November to April; may be affected by cyclones from December to April	cold marine; strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; average annual rainfall is 24 inches in Stanley; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate
Coastline	2,528 km	1,288 km
Constitution	30 July 1980	3 October 1985; amended 1997 and 1998
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of Vanuatu conventional short form: Vanuatu former: New Hebrides	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
Currency	vatu (VUV)	Falkland pound (FKP)
Death rate	8.02 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)	NA deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external	$65.8 million (2001 est.)	NA (1999 est.)
Dependency status	-	overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina
Diplomatic representation from the US	the US does not have an embassy in Vanuatu; the ambassador to Papua New Guinea is accredited to Vanuatu	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)
Diplomatic representation in the US	Vanuatu does not have an embassy in the US; it does, however, have a Permanent Mission to the UN	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)
Disputes - international	Matthew and Hunter Islands east of New Caledonia claimed by Vanuatu and France	claimed by Argentina whose forces briefly occupied it in 1982, but now declares it will no longer seek settlement by force; UK continues to reject Argentine requests for sovereignty talks
Economic aid - recipient	$45.8 million (1995)	none (1997 est.)
Economy - overview	This South Pacific island economy is based primarily on small-scale agriculture, which provides a living for 65% of the population. Fishing, offshore financial services, and tourism, with about 50,000 visitors in 1997, are other mainstays of the economy. Mineral deposits are negligible; the country has no known petroleum deposits. A small light industry sector caters to the local market. Tax revenues come mainly from import duties. Economic development is hindered by dependence on relatively few commodity exports, vulnerability to natural disasters, and long distances from main markets and between constituent islands. A severe earthquake in November 1999 followed by a tsunami, caused extensive damage to the northern island of Pentecote and left thousands homeless. Another powerful earthquake in January 2002 caused extensive damage in the capital, Port-Vila, and surrounding areas, and also was followed by a tsunami. GDP growth rose less than 3% on average in the 1990s. In response to foreign concerns, the government has promised to tighten regulation of its offshore financial center. In mid-2002 the government stepped up efforts to boost tourism. Agriculture, especially livestock farming, is a second target for growth. Australia and New Zealand are the main suppliers of tourists and foreign aid. Growth expanded moderately in 2003.	The economy was formerly based on agriculture, mainly sheep farming, but today fishing contributes the bulk of economic activity. In 1987 the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falklands exclusive fishing zone. These license fees total more than $40 million per year, which goes to support the island's health, education, and welfare system. Squid accounts for 75% of the fish taken. Dairy farming supports domestic consumption; crops furnish winter fodder. Exports feature shipments of high-grade wool to the UK and the sale of postage stamps and coins. The islands are now self-financing except for defense. The British Geological Survey announced a 200-mile oil exploration zone around the islands in 1993, and early seismic surveys suggest substantial reserves capable of producing 500,000 barrels per day; to date no exploitable site has been identified. An agreement between Argentina and the UK in 1995 seeks to defuse licensing and sovereignty conflicts that would dampen foreign interest in exploiting potential oil reserves. Tourism, especially eco-tourism, is increasing rapidly, with about 30,000 visitors in 2001. Another large source of income is interest paid on money the government has in the bank. The British military presence also provides a sizeable economic boost.
Electricity - consumption	40.42 million kWh (2001)	15.19 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production	43.46 million kWh (2001)	16.33 million kWh (2001)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Tabwemasana 1,877 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Usborne 705 m
Environment - current issues	a majority of the population does not have access to a potable and reliable supply of water; deforestation	overfishing by unlicensed vessels is a problem; reindeer were introduced to the islands in 2001 for commercial reasons; this is the only commercial reindeer herd in the world unaffected by the Chornobyl disaster
Environment - international agreements	party to: Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 94 signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements	-
Ethnic groups	indigenous Melanesian 98%, French, Vietnamese, Chinese, other Pacific Islanders	British
Exchange rates	vatu per US dollar - 122.189 (2003), 139.198 (2002), 145.312 (2001), 137.643 (2000), 129.075 (1999)	Falkland pounds per US dollar - 0.6125 (2003), 0.6661 (2002), 0.6944 (2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.618 (1999), 0.6037 (1998); note - the Falkland pound is at par with the British pound
Executive branch	chief of state: President Kalkot Matas KELEKELE (since 16 August 2004) head of government: Prime Minister Ham LINI (since 11 December 2004); Deputy Prime Minister Sato KILMAN (since 11 December 2004); Prime Minister Serge VOHOR ousted in no-confidence vote on 11 December 2004 cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister, responsible to Parliament elections: president elected for a five-year term by an electoral college consisting of Parliament and the presidents of the regional councils; election for president last held 16 August 2004 (next to be held in 2009); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition is usually elected prime minister by Parliament from among its members; election for prime minister last held 29 July 2004 (next to be held following general elections in 2008) election results: Kalkot Matas KELEKELE elected president, with 49 votes out of 56, after several ballots on 16 August 2004	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Governor Howard PEARCE (since 3 December 2002); Chief Executive Chris SIMPKINS (since NA March 2003); Financial Secretary Derek F. HOWATT (since NA) cabinet: Executive Council; three members elected by the Legislative Council, two ex officio members (chief executive and the financial secretary), and the governor elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch
Exports	NA (2001)	NA (2001)
Exports - commodities	copra, beef, cocoa, timber, kava, coffee	wool, hides, meat
Exports - partners	India 32.8%, Thailand 25.5%, Indonesia 9.6%, Japan 7.6%, Australia 4%, Poland 4% (2003)	Spain 80%, UK 9.3%, US 3.6% (2003)
Fiscal year	calendar year	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and green with a black isosceles triangle (based on the hoist side) all separated by a black-edged yellow stripe in the shape of a horizontal Y (the two points of the Y face the hoist side and enclose the triangle); centered in the triangle is a boar's tusk encircling two crossed namele leaves, all in yellow	blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a white ram (sheep raising is the major economic activity) above the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT
GDP	purchasing power parity - $563 million (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $75 million (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 26% industry: 12% services: 62% (2000 est.)	agriculture: NA industry: NA services: NA
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $2,900 (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $25,000 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	-0.3% (2002 est.)	NA
Geographic coordinates	16 00 S, 167 00 E	51 45 S, 59 00 W
Geography - note	a Y-shaped chain of four main islands and 80 smaller islands; several of the islands have active volcanoes	deeply indented coast provides good natural harbors; short growing season
Highways	total: 1,070 km paved: 256 km unpaved: 814 km (1999 est.)	total: 440 km paved: 50 km unpaved: 390 km (2002)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA
Imports	NA (2001)	NA (2001)
Imports - commodities	machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, fuels	fuel, food and drink, building materials, clothing
Imports - partners	Australia 15.3%, Japan 10.6%, Singapore 7.4%, New Zealand 6%, Fiji 5.1% (2003)	UK 62%, Spain 30.4%, Italy 2.5% (2003)
Independence	30 July 1980 (from France and UK)	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)
Industrial production growth rate	1% (1997 est.)	NA
Industries	food and fish freezing, wood processing, meat canning	fish and wool processing; tourism
Infant mortality rate	total: 56.63 deaths/1,000 live births male: 59.25 deaths/1,000 live births female: 53.89 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)	total: NA male: NA female: NA (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	2% (2002 est.)	3.6% (1998)
International organization participation	ACCT, ACP, AsDB, C, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IOC, ITU, MIGA, NAM, PIF, Sparteca, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WMO, WTrO (observer)	ICFTU, UPU
Irrigated land	NA sq km	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court (chief justice is appointed by the president after consultation with the prime minister and the leader of the opposition, three other justices are appointed by the president on the advice of the Judicial Service Commission)	Supreme Court (chief justice is a nonresident); Magistrates Court (senior magistrate presides over civil and criminal divisions); Court of Summary Jurisdiction
Labor force	NA	1,100 (est.)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 65%, industry 5%, services 30% (2000 est.)	agriculture 95% (mostly sheepherding and fishing)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 2.46% permanent crops: 7.38% other: 90.16% (2001)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (99% permanent pastures, 1% other) (2001)
Languages	three official languages: English, French, pidgin (known as Bislama or Bichelama), plus more than 100 local languages	English
Legal system	unified system being created from former dual French and British systems	English common law
Legislative branch	unicameral Parliament (52 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections: last held 6 July 2004 (next to be held 2008) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UMP 8, VP 8, NUP 10, VRP 4, MPP 3, VGP 3, other and independent 16; note - political party associations are fluid note: the National Council of Chiefs advises on matters of culture and language	unicameral Legislative Council (10 seats - 2 ex officio, 8 elected by popular vote, members serve four-year terms); presided over by the governor elections: last held 22 November 2001 (next to be held NA November 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 8; note - 71% voter turnout
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 62.1 years male: 60.64 years female: 63.63 years (2004 est.)	total population: NA years male: NA years female: NA years (2004 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 53% male: 57% female: 48% (1979 est.)	-
Location	Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to Australia	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of southern Argentina
Map references	Oceania	South America
Maritime claims	measured from claimed archipelagic baselines territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin	territorial sea: 12 nm continental shelf: 200 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	total: 51 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 1,192,474 GRT/1,560,828 DWT by type: bulk 28, cargo 2, combination bulk 3, container 2, liquefied gas 2, multi-functional large load carrier 1, refrigerated cargo 6, roll on/roll off 2, vehicle carrier 5 foreign-owned: Australia 2, Canada 1, Estonia 1, Germany 1, Japan 25, Monaco 4, New Zealand 2, Panama 1, Poland 7, Switzerland 3, United Kingdom 5, United States 2 registered in other countries: 1 (2004 est.)	-
Military - note	-	defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches	no regular military forces; Vanuatu Police Force (VPF; including the paramilitary Mobile Force or VMF)	no regular military forces
Military expenditures - dollar figure	NA	NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA	NA
National holiday	Independence Day, 30 July (1980)	Liberation Day, 14 June (1982)
Nationality	noun: Ni-Vanuatu (singular and plural) adjective: Ni-Vanuatu	noun: Falkland Islander(s) adjective: Falkland Island
Natural hazards	tropical cyclones or typhoons (January to April); volcanism causes minor earthquakes; tsunamis	strong winds persist throughout the year
Natural resources	manganese, hardwood forests, fish	fish, squid, wildlife, calcified seaweed, sphagnum moss
Net migration rate	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Jon Frum Movement [Song KEASPAI]; Melanesian Progressive Party or MPP [Barak SOPE]; National United Party or NUP [NA]; Union of Moderate Parties or UMP [Serge VOHOR]; Vanua'aku Pati (Our Land Party) or VP [Edward NATAPEI]; Vanuatu Republican Party or VRP [Maxime Carlot KORMAN]; Greens (Vanuatu) [Moana CARCASSES]	none; all independents
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	none
Population	202,609 (July 2004 est.)	2,967 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA	NA
Population growth rate	1.57% (2004 est.)	2.44% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors	Forari, Port-Vila, Santo (Espiritu Santo)	Stanley note: the primary port is located in Stanley Harbour and known locally as FIPASS (Falkland Interim Port and Storage System); the facility consists of seven permanently moored barges providing 300 meters of berthing space; it was installed by the military after 1982 and handed over to the Falkland Islands Government in 1988
Radio broadcast stations	AM 2, FM 2, shortwave 1 (2002)	AM 1, FM 7, shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions	Presbyterian 36.7%, Anglican 15%, Roman Catholic 15%, indigenous beliefs 7.6%, Seventh-Day Adventist 6.2%, Church of Christ 3.8%, other 15.7% (including Jon Frum Cargo cult)	primarily Anglican, Roman Catholic, United Free Church, Evangelist Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, Lutheran, Seventh-Day Adventist
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.13 male(s)/female total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2004 est.)	-
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: country code - 678; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)	general assessment: NA domestic: government-operated radiotelephone and private VHF/CB radiotelephone networks provide effective service to almost all points on both islands international: country code - 500; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) with links through London to other countries
Telephones - main lines in use	6,500 (2003)	2,400 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	7,800 (2003)	0 (2001)
Television broadcast stations	1 (2002)	2 (operated by the British Forces Broadcasting Service) note: cable television is available in Stanley (2002)
Terrain	mostly mountainous islands of volcanic origin; narrow coastal plains	rocky, hilly, mountainous with some boggy, undulating plains
Total fertility rate	2.87 children born/woman (2004 est.)	NA children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate	NA	full employment; labor shortage (2001)

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